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The wooden nutcrackers that were created in the early years by the Erzgebirge wood carvers were given to children as Christmas presents. It is said in German legend that the possession of a nutcracker in a home will bring good luck to all that live there, and also to the home itself.
Fun Facts about wooden German Nutcrackers
The largest collection of German Nutcrackers in the world has 4,334 of them in one place. This is a nutcracker museum and is owned by the Loschner Family in the town of Neuhausen, Germany.
Nut crackers made of wood first used a leather strap to force 2 pieces of wood together.
In the dictionary of the Brothers Grimm is the term Nutcracker. The definition is “often in the form of a misshaped little man, in whose mouth the nut, by means of a lever or screw, is cracked open”.
Wilhelm Fuchtner is the father of the wooden nutcrackers. With the use of a mechanical lathe he began mass producing the same version of a nutcracker in the year of 1872. He was an old miner from the Ore Mountain area of Germany. His family is carrying on the creating of wooden Nutcrackers, and now the sixth generation Fuchtner is busy creating wooden German Nutcrackers. The Fuchtner family still makes some of the finest Nutcrackers available, and they are highly collectible, and often are signed by one of the Feuchtner family members who are creating these whimsical fellows.
Fun Facts about wooden German Nutcrackers
In 2008 the largest known nutcracker was made and put on display in Germany. It stands 33 feet and 1 inch tall and is included in the Guinness World Records Book.
The menacing look on the faces of nutcrackers originates as part of a protest back in the days when kings and war lords ruled the land in Germany. Often, German Nutcrackers are representative of the power people back in the late 1800s. That list would include the King Nutcrackers, Nightwatchmen Nutcrackers and Forest Warden Nutcrackers whose job was to catch the local poachers, which were more often than not, the hungry miners trying to feed his family by hunting on the Kings land. It is believed the frowning look that some Nutcrackers have show the evil the powerful possessed and inflicted on the local inhabitants. Presently, many figurines of the past come to life in the German Nutcracker, such as the Chimney Sweep Nutcracker, who brings good luck to all who have him in their home.
Nutcrackers historically come in a wide variety of shapes and colors. Most from Germany are made out of wood, but a few were made from bone and porcelain. Those were for decoration purposes only and can still be seen in many of the museums in Germany today.
The classic fairy-tale ballet "The Nutcracker" popular the world over and performed at Christmas time, revolves around the personal awakening of a young girl over one Christmas holiday. The well-known Christmas story has been published in books, including colorful books for children. It has become the most frequently performed ballet in the world.
In 1891, world-renowned Imperial Russian Ballet choreographer Marius Petipa commissioned Peter Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) to compose the music for Alexandre Dumas (1802-1870) adaptation of E.T.A. Hoffman’s (1776-1882) fantasy story “The Nutcracker and the Mouse King.”
The story is about a girl who befriends a nutcracker that comes to life on Christmas Eve and wages a battle against the evil Mouse King. Hoffman's original work showed humanity's dark-sided nature and was definitely not appropriate for children. Choreographer Petipa chose to follow a light adaptation of the story written by Dumas — a prolific French author in the 19th century.
"The Nutcracker" ballet premiered at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg on December 18, 1892. It was performed along with Tchaikovsky's one-act opera "Iolanta."
In 1892, Tchaikovsky finished composing the music for "The Nutcracker." Afterward, he wrote that he felt the fairy-tale's music was "infinitely poorer" than that of "Sleeping Beauty" which he finished two years prior. It was the last of his three ballets — the first of which was "Swan Lake"
Tchaikovsky based the "voice" of the Sugar Plum Fairy on a new instrument he discovered in Paris: the celesta. The instrument had a clear, bell-like tone with ethereal notes, perfect for the fairy-tale ambiance of "The Nutcracker." He also used children's toys as instruments in keeping with the tale as a children's story.
Despite Tchaikovsky's feelings toward the music in "The Nutcracker," he released "The Nutcracker Suite" prior to the ballet's premiere. The suite was a success.
Without Ivan Alexandrovitch Vsevolojsky, "The Nutcracker" ballet may not have happened. He was responsible for gathering and securing the artists and talent involved with creating the ballet.
Choreographer Petipa became ill during the creation of "The Nutcracker" and withdrew. His assistant of seven years, Lev Ivanov, took his place and completed the choreography. Though Ivanov's style of dance differed from Petipa, it was hardly noticeable, as Petipa left strict guidelines for Ivanov to follow.
The first performance of the Christmas ballet was conducted by Riccardo Drigo. Antoinetta Dell-Era was the Sugar Plum Fairy and Pavel Gerdt was her prince. Stanislava Belinskaya played Clara/Masha, Sergei Legat was the Nutcracker Prince and Timofei Stukolkin was Uncle Drosselmeyer.
The Christmas ballet was first performed outside of Russia in England in 1934, but the full-length production first appeared in the United States in 1944 at the San Francisco Opera Ballet under the direction of William Christensen.