Tiffi is surprised to learn all of this

_Elsa_

‘Sea Otters - Most of us would agree that sea otters are adorable … AND they also happen to be a keystone species! Otters chow on invertebrates and sea urchins – sea urchins that would devour kelp forests if their populations were not controlled. Kelp forest ecosystems support hundreds of species from sea stars to sharks. Sea otters could also be helping to fight climate change by restoring aquatic carbon-fighting plants.

Mangrove-Dwelling Crabs - These little guys might look creepy, but they provide vital services for mangrove forests. Mangroves provide hiding places for many species and serve as nurseries for many juvenile coral reef fish and other organisms. Like gopher tortoises, some species of crabs have awesome burrowing skills. The holes they create provide habitat to many tiny organisms including fish, mollusks, and worms. When juvenile crabs burry themselves beneath the soil, they improve groundwater penetration and therefore, excess salt is flushed out and the soil’s salinity is balanced. These ecosystem engineers also help to aerate the soil. Adults are responsible for janitorial roles by eating large amount of mangrove litter or detritus. Due to their recycling of nutrients, these crabs improve the growth of mangroves and increase overall biodiversity within mangrove ecosystems.

Prairie Dogs - Who doesn’t love watching videos of playful prairie dogs? But let’s give them credit for more than simply being cute. These grassland rodents benefit hundreds of animal species by creating island habitats. Prairie dogs aerate and fertilize soil through burrowing, allowing plant species to grow and thrive. These animals are also primary prey for many animals including the critically endangered black-footed ferret.

Let’s continue – What can Tiffi do about this?

Start at the beginning - The ecosystem and how it relates to endangered species